From forest floor to digital twin: how Joensuu, Finland, is building a world-class forest innovation ecosystem
Joensuu, in North Karelia, is Finland’s fourth-largest municipal forest owner, managing around 9,000 hectares of forest. These forests are more than a natural resource – they have become living laboratories for research, innovation, and sustainable forest management.
Here is a selection of recent articles published by the City of Joensuu showcasing how the region is using its forests to advance research, data science, energy innovation, and urban planning.
Forests as a breeding ground for innovation in Joensuu
Joensuu’s forests serve many purposes, from Marteloscope observation sites for virtual learning and tree selection training to pilot grounds for continuous-cover forestry and forest-fire prevention using artificial intelligence. A particular strength of the city is the integration of the forest bioeconomy and photonics, which underpins its RDI activities. The city’s Forest Joensuu innovation ecosystem, active since 2023, is focused on turning this expertise into exportable solutions and new jobs, with a particular focus on high-value side streams, biomass valorisation, and sustainable wood processing.
World-class forest data
Joensuu is home to a growing cluster of remote sensing companies and research institutions, including the Finnish Forest Centre and Natural Resources Institute Finland (Luke), that are pushing the boundaries of tree-level data, biodiversity monitoring, and eventually fully automated forest digital twins.
Digital twins for forest roads

Finland has approximately 160,000 kilometres of forest roads, making its network one of Europe’s densest. The Natural Resources Institute Finland (Luke) is creating digital twins of these forest roads in Joensuu, working with companies and research organisations. Road weather stations gather real-time data on temperature, moisture, and load capacity, which feed into predictive models. These models assist in planning wood harvesting, transportation, and maintenance more effectively, leading to potential cost reductions and enhanced safety in the sector.
Robots analyse the quality of the wood for energy
At Savon Voima’s heating plant in Joensuu, a sampling robot analyses the quality of incoming wood material, ensuring that excessively moist biomass is not burned inefficiently but is blended into drier fractions. The system uses LiDAR cameras, automated core sampling, and moisture-prediction algorithms to improve energy efficiency and sustainability traceability, with wood traceable back to the forest stand from which it was harvested.
Data for climate-resilient urban planning
The University of Eastern Finland (UEF), together with Karelia University of Applied Sciences and the City of Joensuu, has developed the Weather Vulnerability Index (WVI). It is a model that identifies the most vulnerable areas in a city and supports sustainable urban planning. The model combines solar exposure, wind speed, building stock data, and vegetation indices to map climate risk at the neighbourhood level and is designed as a universal method applicable to cities worldwide.
Want to connect with other regions working on the forest bioeconomy?
EFI Bioregions brings together regions to exchange knowledge and accelerate innovation in the forest bioeconomy. We would love to hear from your region. Have a news story, initiative, or success from your region worth sharing? Get in touch at bioregions@efi.int.
Featured image: Rami Saarikorpi


























